Most biologically important compounds contain

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• Compounds of oxygen — Water (H2O) is the most familiar oxygen compound The oxidation state f oxygen is −2 in almost all known compounds of oxygen. The oxidation state −1 is found in a few compounds such as peroxides. Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation… …   Wikipedia

• environment — environmental, adj. environmentally, adv. /en vuy reuhn meuhnt, vuy euhrn /, n. 1. the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences; surroundings; milieu. 2. Ecol. the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors… …   Universalium

• vitamin — vitaminic, adj. /vuy teuh min/; Brit. also /vit euh min/, n. any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism, found in minute amounts in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced synthetically: deficiencies… …   Universalium

• chromatography — chromatographer, n. chromatographic /kreuh mat euh graf ik, kroh meuh teuh /, adj. chromatographically, adv. /kroh meuh tog reuh fee/, n. Chem. the separation of mixtures into their constituents by preferential adsorption by a solid, as a column… …   Universalium

• Antioxidant — Model of the antioxidant metabolite glutathione. The yellow sphere is the redox active sulfur atom that provides antioxidant activity, while the red, blue, white, and dark grey spheres represent oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon atoms,… …   Wikipedia

• Inorganic chemistry — For the journal, see Inorganic Chemistry (journal). Inorganic compounds show rich variety: A: Diborane features unusual bonding B: Caesium chloride has an archetypal crystal structure C: Fp2 is an organometallic complex D …   Wikipedia

• ester — /es teuhr/, n. Chem. a compound produced by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with the elimination of a molecule of water, as ethyl acetate, C4H8O2, or dimethyl sulfate, C2H6SO4. [1850 55; coined by L. Gmelin (1788 1853), German… …   Universalium

• Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology       In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …   Universalium

• endocrine system, human — ▪ anatomy Introduction  group of ductless glands (gland) that regulate body processes by secreting chemical substances called hormones (hormone). Hormones act on nearby tissues or are carried in the bloodstream to act on specific target organs… …   Universalium

• carbohydrate — /kahr boh huy drayt, beuh /, n. any of a class of organic compounds that are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or change to such substances on simple chemical transformations, as hydrolysis, oxidation, or reduction, and that form the… …   Universalium

• organosulfur compound — ▪ chemical compound Introduction also spelled  organosulphur compound , also called  organic sulfur compound   a subclass of organic substances that contain sulfur and that are known for their varied occurrence and unusual properties. They are… …   Universalium